Overview

Role in the system

ICT systems deployed where the operation happens — roadside, on vehicles, in stations and utility sites — engineered for power, enclosure, climate, connectivity and maintenance conditions that a data centre never faces.

Edge systems may be deployed in:

  • Roads
  • Stations
  • Vehicles
  • Utility sites
  • Industrial areas
  • Outdoor cabinets
  • Remote offices
  • Public facilities
  • Unmanned locations

These environments require engineering attention to power, enclosure, temperature, connectivity, mounting, security, maintainability and remote management.

Field cabinet: power chain, communications and remote managementA field cabinet contains an edge computer, industrial switch, gateway and a power and environment monitor. Power flows from mains supply through surge protection and earthing, a UPS with battery, and monitored distribution into the cabinet. Field devices connect to the cabinet. The gateway uses a primary fibre uplink and a secondary cellular uplink to the control centre, which also manages the cabinet remotely.Power chainMains supplyor solar where applicableSurge protectionand earthingUPS and batterysized from load and outage durationMonitored distributionsafe shutdown definedField cabinetEdge computerlocal processing, storage, store-and-forwardIndustrial switchPoE and copper to field devicesGateway and routerfibre and cellular uplinksPower and environment monitorbattery, temperature, door, surgeEnclosure rating, thermal design,earthing, tamper protection,service accessCamerasSensorsControllersReadersField devices on the cabinet networkControl centre and data centreMonitoringand ticketingalerts, incidentsConfigurationand firmwarebaselines, updatesApplicationsand data platformanalytics, commandFibre, primaryCellular, secondaryRemote management:health, firmware,restart, logs
  • Data path
  • Power
  • Management path
  • Fault or alert
A field cabinet as a system. Power, enclosure, communications and remote management are designed together for a site that may be unmanned.

Edge and field equipment

Edge computing

Local processing and storage let a site keep working, and keep recording, when the link to the centre is degraded or down.

Edge computing capabilities may include:

  • Industrial computers
  • Embedded computers
  • Graphics-enabled edge systems
  • Local processing
  • Local storage
  • Containerised edge applications
  • Device management
  • Remote updates
  • Local analytics
  • Store-and-forward operation

Field devices

Each device class brings its own protocol, power draw, mounting and management interface into the design.

Field devices may include:

  • Cameras
  • Sensors
  • Controllers
  • Gateways
  • Displays
  • Readers
  • Vehicle-mounted units
  • Tracking devices
  • Communication devices
  • Industrial switches
  • Environmental devices

Site engineering

Site engineering

A survey record for each site is the input to design, procurement, installation and later fault-finding.

Site engineering should include:

  • Site survey
  • Mounting assessment
  • Power assessment
  • Network assessment
  • Cable routing
  • Earthing
  • Environmental assessment
  • Equipment location
  • Access requirements
  • Safety considerations
  • Maintenance accessibility

Power design

Battery capacity is calculated from the measured load and the outage duration the site must ride through, with a defined safe-shutdown point beyond it.

Power design may include:

  • Primary power
  • Backup power
  • Uninterruptible power supply
  • Battery sizing
  • Surge protection
  • Power conditioning
  • Solar power where applicable
  • Power monitoring
  • Load calculation
  • Safe shutdown

Communication design

The medium is chosen from the constraints below, and a second path is usually engineered for sites that cannot go dark.

Field communication may use:

  • Fibre
  • Copper
  • Cellular
  • Radio
  • Wireless
  • Satellite
  • Multiple-link architectures

Communication design factors

Communication design should account for:

  • Coverage
  • Bandwidth
  • Latency
  • Data volume
  • Availability
  • Cost
  • Failover
  • Security
  • Antenna placement
  • Environmental conditions

Environmental considerations

Enclosure rating, thermal design and surge protection are specified for the worst credible condition at the site.

Field equipment may require protection against:

  • Heat
  • Dust
  • Moisture
  • Vibration
  • Electrical surge
  • Electromagnetic interference
  • Physical impact
  • Unauthorised access
  • Insects or rodents
  • Water ingress

Remote management and maintenance

Remote management

Remote visibility reduces unnecessary site visits, and, when a visit is needed, tells the technician what to bring.

Remote management should include:

  • Device health
  • Connectivity status
  • Processor utilisation
  • Memory utilisation
  • Storage status
  • Temperature
  • Power status
  • Application status
  • Firmware version
  • Configuration
  • Remote restart
  • Log retrieval

Field maintenance

Maintainability is designed in: replaceable units, spares and configuration restoration are defined before the first fault.

Field-maintenance design should address:

  • Access time
  • Fault isolation
  • Replaceable units
  • Spares
  • Technician skill
  • Safe replacement
  • Configuration restoration
  • Evidence capture
  • Closure validation

Discuss an ICT Requirement

Describe the requirement, the locations involved and where the project stands. We will respond with the technical questions that need answering first.

Discuss an ICT Requirement