Six infrastructure layers are designed together, because compute sizing, storage performance, network throughput and recovery objectives constrain one another.
Compute infrastructure
Server platforms are matched to the workload — database, application, virtualisation host or accelerated compute — rather than standardised on one form factor.
- Rack and tower servers
- Blade and modular compute
- High-density compute
- Virtualisation hosts
- Database servers
- Application servers
- Graphics processing infrastructure
- Edge-to-core compute integration
- Clustered compute environments
Storage infrastructure
Storage tiers are chosen by access pattern, latency target and retention period, with replication and expansion paths defined up front.
- Block storage
- File storage
- Object storage
- High-performance storage
- Archival storage
- Software-defined storage
- Storage-area networks
- Storage replication
- Tiered storage
- Storage expansion
Virtualisation
Cluster design determines how much capacity must be held in reserve so that a host failure restarts workloads rather than exhausting the cluster.
- Server virtualisation
- Resource pools
- High availability
- Live migration
- Virtual network design
- Virtual storage integration
- Resource reservations
- Cluster design
- Host failure recovery
- Virtual machine lifecycle management
Backup and recovery
Backup is designed from recovery objectives backwards: what must be restored, in what order, how fast, and to which point in time.
- Backup architecture
- Backup scheduling
- Retention design
- Disk-based backup
- Tape-based archival
- Immutable backup
- Off-site replication
- Application-consistent backup
- Database recovery
- Disaster recovery integration
- Recovery testing
Data-centre networking
Fabric, management and storage networks are separated so that a fault or maintenance activity on one does not take down the others.
- Core and aggregation networks
- Access-layer networks
- Leaf-spine architecture
- Management networks
- Storage networking
- Out-of-band management
- Load balancing
- Network segmentation
- Redundant connectivity
- Traffic engineering
Physical infrastructure integration
Rack layout, power distribution and cooling are planned alongside the equipment list, so that density and airflow are verified before delivery rather than discovered at installation.
- Rack planning
- Power distribution
- Cooling coordination
- Cabling
- Patch management
- Equipment layout
- Rack elevation planning
- Power-load assessment
- Environmental monitoring
- Access-control integration